What is the role of DNA in living organisms?

DNA plays a crucial role in living organisms as it contains the genetic instructions necessary for growth, development, functioning, and reproduction. This genetic material is made up of sequences called genes, which dictate many of the organism's traits and processes by encoding information for the synthesis of proteins. These proteins then carry out a variety of essential functions within the cell, including structural roles, speeding up chemical reactions (as enzymes), and supporting biochemical processes necessary for life.

While DNA is integral to the processes that lead to energy production, nutrient absorption, and protein synthesis, it does not directly perform these functions. Instead, it serves as the blueprint that guides how these processes occur within cells, emphasizing its importance in the genetic framework of all living beings.